In the sparsely populated Karoo desert in the heart of South Africa's Northern Cape, apartheid lives on.

I spent a few days in Orania, one of just a few black people to have set foot in the whites-only town since its establishment in 1991.

Part of a BBC crew, including Zimbabwean journalist Stanley Kwenda, we were given permission to visit.

And during that time, Stanley and I were the only black people in the town of 1,000 – an unusual experience in latter-day South Africa.

Racial interaction is not welcome in the Afrikaner-only town, where only Afrikaans is spoken, because of fears about "diluting culture".

"We do not fit in easily in the new South Africa. It [Orania] was an answer to not dominating others and not being dominated by others," says Carel Boschoff Jr, the community leader.

Mr Boschoff inherited the town from his father Carel Boschoff Snr, an Afrikaner intellectual and son-in-law of apartheid architect, Hendrik Verwoerd.

The town was founded by Mr Boschoff Snr as a registered company three years before white-minority rule ended in the rest of the country.

Mr Verwoerd's grandson tells me that his people were faced with a tough question about their future when the black government was elected in 1994.

"In terms of Afrikaners who had been standing very close to the state, when the policies such as black economic empowerment and affirmative action came into place, Afrikaners needed to seriously think about their future. It wouldn't make sense not to," he said.

Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) was introduced to encourage more black participation in business.

We were taken on a guided tour of the town's facilities by John Strydom, a retired doctor.

The town's leaders insist that Orania is misunderstood. "We are not against black people. We are for ourselves," is the message they stress.

However, black people cannot live here.

Prospective residents are screened by the town council using a strict criteria, which includes first and foremost being an ethnic Afrikaner.

It is not enough to simply speak Afrikaans, as is the case with many black and mixed-race South Africans.

Eerie place

As we sat down with Mr Boschoff for a cup of what the cafe described as "proper Boere [Afrikaner] tea... strong", I took in some of the surroundings.

At the entrance of the gated community was a statue of Mr Verwoed, one of a few of the apartheid-era prime ministers, and the Orania flag – with similar colours to the old republic's orange, white and blue horizontal stripes – which hung proudly.

The town was quiet; the sound of birds and rustling leaves interrupted by a few cars passing by. It is an eerie place for an outsider.

Afrikaners in South Africa:

• Afrikaners are descendants of Dutch, German and French settlers who arrived in the 17th Century
• The Dutch, who arrived in 1652, took over land from local people and put them to work as farm workers
• Afrikaners dominated South Africa for many decades and introduced the apartheid system which was based on racial segregation
• Orania was established in 1991, by Afrikaner intellectual Carel Boschoff Snr
• The town is built on 8,000 hectares of farmland along the Orange River

The town boasts amenities such as shops, hair salons, a library, a post office, a hotel, a couple of schools – and churches, a lot of churches.

But beneath the surface of this solitude lurks a fear that leads people to abandon high-paying jobs in the city for lowly jobs in this arid land.

"The levels of crime and violent crimes in South Africa are definitely pushing powers that bring people to Orania. Many of them have been victims of crimes," says Mr Boschoff.

South Africa is considered to be one of the most violent societies in the world, with one of the highest murder rates.

Official statistics suggest that most crimes actually happen in poor communities between people known to each other, but this has not stopped the fear of crime in other communities.

'Little giant'

As a result, Orania officials say the town has had an annual growth rate of nearly 10% since its inception.

The Akrikaner community's totem is the "the little giant", a man with rolled-up sleeves who features in the flag and the local currency, the Ora which is pegged to the South African rand.

The people do their own work from gardening to plumbing, bricklaying and waste-collection – jobs usually done by black labourers in the rest of the country.

"It takes some adjusting to. It is more difficult for some people because they are used to how things were done in South Africa, they are not used to manual labour," says Mr Strydom.

The locals explain that one of the goals in Orania is to help create a generation of pure Afrikaners untouched by the "outside world".

Bizarrely, the town's existence is protected by South Africa's constitution through a clause that ensures the right to self-determination – introduced to reassure those unhappy about the transition to democracy.

With its old Cape-Dutch styled houses it is like stepping back in time, but some families fear this place could eventually be too small for their children.

'Respect'

Theunie Kruger moved from Johannesburg about a month ago after he was offered a job in Orania.

Mr Kruger says his two children are enjoying life in the countryside but he and his wife are preparing them for a world where there is not just one race or culture.

"There is no tertiary institution here for example. They need to be equipped to handle the outside world," says Mr Kruger.

"I teach them that there is no difference in skin colour. I teach them if they respect the people in Orania they must also respect the people outside Orania," his wife Annelize adds.

The couple say they are still adjusting to Orania's "rules", which include getting permission from the town council before receiving visitors.

"We understand it but it's a bit frustrating at times," Mr Kruger says.

'Defend with our lives'

At the local bar, framed newspapers articles hang on the wall and Afrikaner memorabilia adorns the place.

The owner, Quinton Diedrichs, is well-travelled but became disillusioned with South Africa and moved to Orania with his wife, a beauty therapist, about four years ago.

"It's very safe here. We sleep with the doors unlocked. You can walk in the street at 3am without any fear. You don't have that where you live," he tells me.

He blames FW de Klerk, the last Afrikaner to rule South Africa, for the plight of his people.

"He gave away the country for nothing. We had the army," he says and stops abruptly, beginning to shake his head.

Inside the dimly-lit pub, a game of rugby is on the TV, apart from a few odd glances, no-one seems to pay much attention to Stanley or me.

A few more locals do come over to our table and conversation is polite and largely politically correct, much like in the rest of South Africa.

The pernicious issue of jobs and pro-black policies rears its head.

One local explains it as "reverse racism".

"We can't get jobs. It's like we are being punished for the past," he says.

They seem oblivious to the oppression of black South Africans during apartheid. For them it was a system that gave order.

As the sun sets, the bronze busts of Afrikaner leaders spanning over many decades – Paul Kruger, JBM Herzog, DF Malan, JG Stridom and, of course, Mr Verwoerd – look protectively over the town.

Held in disdain elsewhere, they are Orania's heroes – yet it is difficult to see how the community will be able to remain so completely isolated in such an inter-connected world.

But as one pub drinker put it – being an Afrikaner in Orania is "something we will defend with our lives if we need to".

You can hear a BBC World Service programme about Orania on Tuesday 7 October .